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History of Psychiatry
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Lessons from the periphery: psychiatry in Saskatchewan, Canada, 1944—68

John A. Mills

University of Saskatchewan, millsj{at}telus.net

The government of the Saskatchewan Co-Operative Commonwealth Federation, when elected in 1944, established prog rammes for the state-funded care of all those suffering from mental illness. It enacted legislation covering the care and treatment of the mentally ill and created a division of the Department of Public Health, the Psychiatric Ser vices Branch (PSB), which both recr uited and trained psychiatric staff, meeting the need for non-medical staff by creating a programme for the training of psychiatric nurses in Saskatchewan. The PSB devised the Saskatchewan Plan for the deliver y of r ural services, centred on small mental hospitals of a revolutionar y design. Even though never fully instantiated, the Plan commanded worldwide attention. Saskatchewan was also remarkable for its research programmes, covering almost all aspects of psychiatry.

Key Words: adrenochrome hypothesis • Canada • community psychiatry • deinstitutionalization • Hoffer • LSD • Osmond • Saskatchewan Plan

History of Psychiatry, Vol. 18, No. 2, 179-201 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0957154X06073011
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